Repossession: Definition and What to Check

Buying

Repossession

Also called repo

A lender taking back a vehicle after the borrower defaults on the loan.

When a borrower stops paying, the lender exercises its lien and takes the vehicle back. It is then usually sold at auction to recover what is owed.

A repossession record says something about the previous owner's finances rather than about the vehicle's condition. There is no direct mechanical implication.

There is an indirect one worth noting. An owner who could not afford the payments may also have deferred servicing in the period before the vehicle was taken.

Why it matters

Repossessed vehicles often come to market at a discount, but the maintenance in the final months of ownership deserves scrutiny.

How to check it

Look for a servicing gap in the period before the repossession date, and have the fluids and brakes checked.

Does this apply to the car you are looking at?

Run the VIN or plate and see what is actually on record.

Related terms

Definitions are general guidance, not legal advice. Title rules, total loss thresholds and inspection requirements are set by each state and change over time, so confirm the position with the motor vehicle agency for the state the vehicle is titled in before relying on it.